A comparison argument (or contrast, but not both) between a limited Research Paper

A comparison argument (or contrast, but not both) between a limited aspect of the Viet Nam Conflict and our Conflict in Afghanistan - Research Paper Example This is supported by looking at the strategies that were employed in the two conflicts; they were totally different, even the military deployment in the two wars is totally different. The willingness to use violence to change politics is known as terrorism. The history of terrorism goes back to the 13th- century. In the early 1990s, religious groups came up with motivated terrorism. These groups based their violence on the Islamic beliefs. Some of the groups are Al Qaeda and Hamas, political terrorist groups in the Middle East. This is a sign of their departure from the religious perceptions. The mastermind of the 9/11 attacks was drinking alcohol just before he boarded the plane that he hijacked and as it is known, alcohol is off limits to the Muslim community. Observers belief that the 9/11 mastermind are among the people who had violent behaviors and they had manipulated their religious beliefs to suit their own needs (Levy 12). The Afghanistan war started as a result of the September 2001 attacks in America. These were caused by Al Qaeda group based in Afghanistan. Taliban is a Muslim radical group that was also ruling Afghanistan by 2001. This radical group had denied the American government entry into Afghanistan and capture the Al Qaeda; this prompted the then American president George Bush to declare war on Afghanistan. After only three weeks of invasion, the American troops had toppled the Taliban troops and they had nearly crushed the Al Qaeda troops who were using guerrilla tactics to fight while the American troops were sophisticated and learned (Edmonds 33). The American government has been in Afghanistan since 2001 till date. This has prompted observers to relate this war to the war in Vietnam that also lasted for ten years without success. I will try to give comparisons of the two wars since observers and historians have suggested that these two conflicts are nearly similar. However, observers suggest that there may be more

Qatar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Qatar - Essay Example tructure that exists within many of Qatar’s main cities, the nation itself has chosen to build new cities and form entirely new residential and commercial areas where none previously existed. This growth plan is of course optimistic but presents unique opportunities for the development and consideration of green/renewable energy alternatives that this infrastructure and society can leverage. Due to the fact that these cities are truly being born from nothing, the potential for developing a renewable and green infrastructure base is perhaps higher as compared to any other region of the world. Yet, opportunity alone does not create a guarantee that green and renewable energy will be the locus of interest for the developers of these respective cities. Instead, the remainder of this chapter will reveal the way in which approach determines whether or not the renewable/green infrastructure and energy provision that Qatar will engage within its new and developing cities will ultimate ly be successful or not (Koch 2014; Alzubaidi2013). Whereas it is of course tempting to utilize Qatar’s mass levels of financial reserves as a means of purchasing the most advanced green and renewable energy systems that are currently available, this particular temptation must at least partially be resisted. The underlying reason for this has to do with the fact that Qatar is a unique nation within unique latitude that exhibits a litany of unique environmental challenges. First and foremost among these is of course the fact that Qatar is a relatively hot climate that has very little rainfall and must therefore be considerate of the overall cyber resources that are involved in any means of energy production. Accordingly, one of the most effective processes that can be pursued is to ensure that Qatar utilizes targeted metrics and goals with respect to what it envisions as the future of sustainable and green energy within the nation. As such, rather than merely leveraging the state

Accounting for companies Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Accounting for companies - Term Paper Example The fair value method or the cost method is used in cases where the company’s ownership is 20% and below. In this method, the company has no significant influence on the operation and control of the subsidiary and will record the investment at cost. Here, the company will record the investment on the balance sheet at cost and will not be concerned with the valuation of the specific assets and liabilities. The dividends that are earned from the investment will be credited in the income statement of the holding company while losses will be debited to recognize and account for the impact (FASB, 2007). Since the company has no rights on dividends on the investment unless declared, it will not record any dividends on the balance sheet of the company. In cases where the investment is in the form of marketable securities, the accounts will be adjusted to reflect the fair value at the end of each financial year (FASB, 2007). Equity securities that are not tradable are classified as av ailable for sale in the balance sheet. Despite the lack of control on the purchased investment, many companies enter into such investment in order to earn lucrative dividends. This income could be then invested in other projects to enhance the value of the holding company. At the same time, a company might venture in such investment in order to earn capital gain from the increasing share prices. The second method, equity method, is applied in the case where the investing company buys between 20% and 50% control on the subsidiary (IASB, 2011). This proportion is considered significant in influencing the operation of the subsidiary in as much as it is not sufficient in having exclusive control. The holding company will account for the investment as an associate. The purchasing company will record the investment at cost in the balance sheet i.e. the original purchase cost is used. This

Corporate Finance ------ Analytical report Essay

Corporate Finance ------ Analytical report - Essay Example Let's begin by taking a closer look at the board of governors and what its members do. Together, management and the board of governors have the ultimate goal of maximizing shareholder value. In theory, management looks after the day-to-day operations, and the board ensures that shareholders are adequately represented. But the reality is that many boards are made up of management. The company Adobe Systems Inc., has a good balance between internal and external board members. Other good signs within Adobe Systems are the separation of CEO and chairman roles and an assortment of professional expertise of the board from accountant, attorney and executives. It's boards comprised of the current CEO (who is chairman), the CFO and the COO, along with the retired CEO, etc. This does not necessarily signal that the company is a bad investment, but, as a shareholder, it should question whether or not such a corporate structure is in shareholder best interests. The interaction between Financial Markets and Corporate Governance Corporate governance is merely one feature of the superior framework of macroeconomic policies, global capital, products and labour markets, competition, cultural norms, ethics, tax policy and diverse state regulatory systems. The expansion of global capital markets has shaped the potential for superior access to a bigger investor pool. However, the prime attraction of long-term patient capital, if it is domestic or international, the ability to offer corporate governance systems that are clearly expressed within regulatory and legal frameworks that support contractual and ownership rights. The importance of global capital markets and the governance debate continues to a purely property based regime with private property by which resources are used efficiently in our society. Global Financial markets focuses on the need to protect those property rights under vastly differing legal and political regimes, correlating shareholder protection and developed external capital markets. Capital markets are key to economic development. Economies, particularly in those nation states that are emerging or transitional, need foreign capital to make the investments necessary to generate wealth. Developed market economies also require additional capital to meet product and other market changes, and to ensure that they are globally competitive. Transparency of Corporate Governance Norms Provide Market Information Accounting principles differ from country to country, with differences often reflecting varying business practices, reporting practices and disclosure preferences. For corporate governance to be effective, official regulation of public disclosure will produce company information that is accurate, complete and timely. Interestingly and transparency of corporate governance norms are widely accepted capital market requirement. Disclosure and transparency requirements allow shareholders to monitor the use of their equity capital, enhancing board accountability mechanisms. Institutional investors such as pension funds are increasingly likely to use these transparency guarantees

Accounting Theory and Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Accounting Theory and Policy - Essay Example GAAP and IFRS.The main reason for starting the debate was the series of corporate scandals in the U.S. where managers acted opportunistically to circumvent accounting rules to the detriment of investors, a result that accounting standards were supposed to help in preventing. Standards were established to ensure that financial reporting reflected the economic substance, not just the form, of transactions. However, auditors allowed different forms of reporting manipulation provided these were consistent with the interpretation of precise rules-based standards, allowing compliance with the "form" of financial reporting even as it failed to reflect the true economic "substance" of such transactions.Another reason for the debate is the move towards the need for convergence because of the number of accounting standards currently in force, which creates problems related to timeliness, compliance, comparability, and consistency. Accountants find rules-based (also called cookbook or checklist ) standards too detailed and time-consuming, causing delays in reporting, and unable to meet the challenges of a complex and fast-changing financial world. Rather than help accountants exercise professional judgment and objectivity, having too many rules provide specific benchmarks that makes it easy for auditors to fulfil compliance in form but not in substance. Therefore, since principles are more general than detailed rules, FASB is of the opinion that developing principles-based standards would make convergence easier and, at the same time, allow auditors to minimise the tendency of managers to engage in manipulations of reported financial results. Rules-based accounting standards-setting in the U.S. resulted from years of consultations regarding increasingly complex financial transactions. Companies and auditors asked for "bright line" rules, so-called because they contained precise numerical cut-off points supposedly to guide transactions reporting. However, as the example of accounting for capital leases showed, companies found a way to use professional expertise, creative arrangements, and over-liberal judgment to circumvent the rules contained in a 450-page FASB document to clarify the topic. Why do companies restructure transactions even in the face of "bright line" rules The main reason is that managing earnings can be beneficial for managers. Managers have incentives to look after their own best interests, leading them to manipulate transactions if the benefits outweigh the costs such as taxes, penalties from SEC enforcement, and balance sheet reclassifications. Minimising costs would maximise profits and, in most cases, benefits to managers. Auditors also have incentives to earn as much revenues from their services, which may be affected by reporting manipulation, so they sometimes allow debt to be classified as equity (some auditing fees depend on company asset size). By maximising profits, earnings manipulation also allows managers to keep their jobs, avoid shareholder lawsuits, and raise the share price so they can exercise stock options and earn higher salaries. Evidence shows that managers are more likely to manipulate financial reporting if there are precise (rules-based) accounting standards than when standards are flexible, and that auditors are more likely to allow this as long as the rules allow it. When there are no "bright line" rules, but only concepts-based standards, managers are less likely to engage in costly

Marketing Ethics and Regulations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Marketing Ethics and Regulations - Essay Example This is besides considering the emergent ones like that of recently AMA’s ethic meant to seek clients’ consent of whether they wish to be receiving promotional emails. Since, they want to settle to the right choice instead of seeming to bombard them with unnecessary and disgusting emails. In addition, this step also ensures marketers uphold the privacy of their respective client with dignity such that unintended persons do not intrude into clients’ privacy. Officers despite holding outside representative posts, they provide guidance in terms of both compliance as well as resolution of varied cases relayed to them. They are charged with the task of imparting staff with the necessary information meant to induce their compliance, which is only through training. Hence, uphold any given firm’s ethics and values, which are essential in delivering services adequately to the intended clients or building of healthy interactions in their working settings. Additionally, they aid in arbitrating conflicts among staff though by employing necessary principles that guide them in how to handle varied cases that involve even top managers. However, execution and compliance to ethics embrace fundamental blocks of the necessary ethics programs. This is in such a way the involved training officer advises the staff to embrace ethics in all their capacities for they are essential in not only ensuring smooth firm’s running but also healthy interactions. Hence, augment the firm’s productivity, which is not the case without adequate observance of theics. One of these issues encompasses staff seeking client’s consent regarding whether they wish to be receiving promotional alerts in their respective emails. Since, mails constitute personal accounts whereby firms in their quest as they undertake varied tasks intended to inform the clients these emails may end up intruded by unintended

Rewards Managemnet of Adidas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Rewards Managemnet of Adidas - Essay Example Introduction Adidas is a manufacturer of sports apparel and is consists of a Reebok company. Adidas was founded by Adi Dassler’s Whose aim was to ensure that every athlete with the necessary equipment (Adidas Group, 2010). The company was started in 1920 when Adi Dassler’s made the first shoe for sporting activity. Adidas has realized tremendous growth and has expanded because of their products that are preferred because of their quality and design .Adidas produces products like watches, shirts, bags and other sports related clothes (Adidas Group, 2010). The company has its products distributed across the globe and their brand is one of the most preferred by sport fans and players. In terms of employees, the company has a total of 42541 according to 2010 results and about 14250 working in Adidas headquarters (Adidas Group, 2010). The largest number of employees are the retailers. The FIFA games are a major source of success to the company. During such admired and renown ed sports, the company realizes a high turnover in their products hence more profits. The different products of the company have also been very instrumental in the reduction in fluctuations in return. As a sportswear manufacturer, Adidas main customer segments are the sports fan and other teams that prefer their clothes and other playing instruments (Adidas Group, 2010). ... The organization workers remuneration should reflect their value to the company. Reward management is therefore concerned with formulating, implementing, and reviewing of the employee reward system to ensure that the employees efforts are recognized in the attainment of the organizations goals (Redfern, 2009). Employees reward system should motivate the employees in offering their services to the organization. It is therefore an indispensable segment of management that must be closely monitored by the organization in their effort to ensure organizations success (Geoff & Druker, 2005). Human resource academicians have therefore developed an interest in the study of reward systems and have developed theories to explain the need why organizations should develop effective reward systems. One such reason why employees should be rewarded is to motivate employees and involve them in the distribution of the returns of the organization (Blyton & Turnbull, 1992). Purpose of a Reward System Org anizations reward their employees in order to attract the right employees for the right jobs at the right time (Heneman, 2002). Reward system is also maintained for the purpose of retaining the employees of the organizations by recognizing their efforts and contribution in the work place. Finally, employees will also be rewarded for the purpose of motivating the employees in order for them to do their maximum in the attainment of organizational objectives (Grant, 1990). These three are the primary reasons as to why employers will reward their workers. According to Shields (2007) other reasons why employees are rewarded and that form the essential characteristics of a good reward system include: Need fulfillment i.e. the employees reward should be